Mediation refers to a process wherein a third-party gets involved in a conflict to help disputants come to some sort of settlement, agreement, or change in relationship, but where the mediator has no power to enforce the outcome of discussions between disputing parties. Unlike mediation, negotiation can take place with or without outside parties: it refers to discussions that take place within and between disputants in a conflict. Negotiations usually involve a give and take between the parties involved, leading to agreements that are often based on compromise.
Dialogue differs from mediation and negotiation because it is opened-ended and focuses not only on solving problems but also on transforming relationships.

In dialogue, participants define the agenda and manage the process, although they may have assistance from an outside facilitator in the initial stages.